Our birds: Sparrows

Here’s a handy cheatsheet from the Lab of Ornithology’s Bird Academy for identifying the various sparrows!


Eastern towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)

At first glance, the towhee looks like a robin but its black head soon makes it clear that it’s a towhee.

Towhee
YR1stJFMAMJJASOND
245/1·11·····
234/23·1······
22·······1·
214/9··· 1 1 · · ·· · ·
20······11··
194/30·1·······
18·········
174/12·1········
16·········
154/29  ·1······· 
14  ········· 
134/10  ·1······· 
12  ········· 
114/13···1······· 
10············
09············
08············
07············
064/12···1·····1··
055/4····1·······
04············
03············
02············
01···      ···
Towhees in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

American tree sparrow (Spizella arborea

Tree sparrow

We’ve seen these only occasionally. I hope to get a better photo of it sometime.

YRJFMAMJJASOND
24········
23········
22·········
21·· ·· · · · ·· · ·
20··········
19·········
18·········
17··········
16·········
15  ········· 
14  ········· 
13  ········· 
12  ········· 
11··········· 
10············
09············
08············
07············
06···1········
05···1········
04············
03···········2
02············
01···      ···
American Tree sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina)

A very small sparrow, it indeed “chips.” I like its little red cap.

Chipping sparrow

The first columns show the arrival dates in spring and departure dates in the fall. The earliest and latest dates for each are bolded.

YRArrDepJFMAMJJASOND
24·2321·1·
234/14·2222122
224/26·1212121·
214/188/15··· 2 22 3 1 ·· ·
204/1210/04·1211·23··
194/1410/27·2321211·
184/229/2·121221··
174/16·112······
164/178/21·1221····
154/198/16  ·12222··· 
144/1310/19  ·42222·1· 
134/078/04  ·12111··· 
124/15  ·321····· 
114/0310/30···11····1· 
104/11···12·······
094/268/30···32111····
084/208/24···2223·····
074/29···3·1······
064/0911/19···12·1·····
054/039/18···122111···
04···211······
03···2112··1··
02···221··1···
01···      ···
Chipping sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Field Sparrow (Spizella pusilla)

I think I have the right ID even though I didn’t manage to get its picture.

YRJFMAMJJASOND
24········
23·······1
22·········
21··· · · · ·· · · ·
20··········
19·········
18·········
17··········
16·········
15  ······1·· 
14  ········· 
13  ········· 
12  ········· 
11··········· 
10············
09············
08············
07············
06····1·······
05············
04············
03············
02············
01···      ···
Field sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Fox sparrow (Passerella iliaca)

Fox sparrow foraging in leaf litter

We don’t often see this pretty little bird, but we’re always happy when we do. Sparrows in general are handsome birds.

The house sparrow (which actually is NOT a true sparrow) gives sparrows a bad name!

YRJFMAMJJASOND
24········
234/6·1······
22·········
21·· 1 1 ·· ·· · ··
2011········
19·········
18·········
17··········
16·········
15  ········· 
14  ·1······· 
13  1········ 
12  ········· 
11···1······· 
10············
09············
08···1········
07··1·········
06···1········
05············
04············
03············
02············
01···      ···
Fox sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Song sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Song sparrow

The song sparrow does indeed serenade us with song.

It’s heartbreaking to see it raise the large cowbird babies instead of its own year after year. It must have fewer defenses against cowbirds than other birds. She runs herself ragged trying to feed these hungry usurpers.

YRArrDepJFMAMJJASOND
243/312111111
233/2422211111
223/1612212221·
213/17··1 1 1 · ·1 1 1·
203/1812232211··
194/10·1····121
184/11·1··11·1·
17···11111··
163/161111···1·
154/8  ·22311··· 
144/2  12111122· 
134/4  122111111 
123/14  121·1111· 
113/23··221····11 
103/10··221····11·
093/4··121121··1·
084/2··12222211··
073/14··121···21··
063/31··211···12··
053/29··11212331··
04··12121111··
03··221111111·
02··11121111··
01···      ···
Song sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Lincoln’s Sparrow (Melospiza lincolnii)

Lincoln's sparrow
Lincoln’s sparrow ©Janet Allen
YRJFMAMJJASOND
24········
23········
22·········
21·· · ·· ·· · · ··
20··········
19······1··
18·········
17··········
16·········
15  ········· 
14  ········· 
13  ········· 
12  ········· 
11··········· 
10············
09············
08············
07············
06············
05············
04············
03············
02············
01···      ···
Lincoln’s Sparrows in our yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Swamp sparrow (Melospiza georgiana

Swamp sparrow

We first saw this in 2022 (or maybe it has been here before and we just noticed it then).

Even though we were about 20 feet away, there was something that seemed different from other sparrows.

Kudos to the Merlin app for ID’ing it for us!

YRJFMAMJJASOND
24········
23········
22····1····
21···········
20··········
19·········
18·········
17··········
16·········
15  ········· 
14  ········· 
13  ········· 
12  ········· 
11··········· 
10············
09············
08············
07············
06············
05············
04············
03············
02············
01···      ···
Swamp sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

White-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis

White-throated sparrow

We have two or three of these around fall, winter, and spring. I enjoy watching them do their little dance to get insects out of the soil.

“Arr” is the first date they arrived (I had recorded); “Dep” is the last date (I had recorded)
Bold = earliest arrival; latest departure

YRArrDepJFMAMJJASOND
244/24·23···12
234/1610/13·53····1
224/2410/01·35···15·
214/289/29·· ·46 · ·· 1 41
204/269/20·51···131·
194/1410/06·52···44
184/810/14·31····11
174/910/15·42····11·
164/1710/02·31····2·
154/1210/11  ·43······ 
143/2  14····132 
133/3  132···11· 
123/2510/07  121····51 
1110/1621121····35 
104/410/24···2·····122
094/19···2·······1
0811181·······
0710/0721142····121
064/910/01···97····232
054/310/03···12····14··
04···22····11··
03···31···22··
02···63····11·
01···      ···
White-throated sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

White-crowned sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys)

White-crowned sparrow

This bird visits only as it’s passing through in the spring and fall. I love its pure white stripes on its head and its uniformly gray breast. It’s a little bigger than other sparrows — a really handsome bird. They seem to eat only on the ground. They wait for things to drop from the feeder overhead, then eat the little bits of suet and seeds. Of course, they also traveled around the yard getting all sorts of things to eat — probably bugs and seeds.

White-crowned sparrow female

At first I couldn’t figure out what this bird was. It turns out that it’s the immature form of the white-crowned sparrow. Quite often the female or immature forms of birds puzzle me.

YRArrJFMAMJJASOND
245/1·11·····
23··2····1
22··2······
21·· ·1 1 · · ·· · ·
20·······2··
19·········
18··2······
17·11···1···
16··1······
15  ··1······ 
14  ··2······ 
13  ·11······ 
12  ·22····1· 
11··1·3······ 
10····2·······
09····1·······
08···1········
07···1········
06···11·······
05····3·······
04···14····2··
03····3····11·
02····1···1···
01···      ···
White-crowned sparrows in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]

Dark-eyed “slate-colored” junco (Junco hyemalis)

Junco bathing in wildlife pond

We have a small flock of these “snowbirds” each winter. They look like someone just dipped their bottom half (horizontally) into snow, just as you’d dip an Easter egg into food dye. They hang around until late spring. This one is enjoying a bath in the wildlife pond. It shows their vertical white stripes on the tail, an easy way to identify them when they’re flying around the yard.

Junco eating seeds on the ground

Like other sparrows, they seem to prefer eating on the ground. This one is feasting on the seeds that are leftover from last year’s grasses. They’re especially abundant where I’ve been cleaning out the previous season’s from last year.

NOTE: This kind of dark-eyed junco is called “slate-colored” to distinguish this Eastern population from the western population of dark-eyed juncos called “Oregon” juncos.

YRJFMAMJJASOND
2433233134
2328211222
224312···64
2156 6 62 11 11 4 5
20722···2957
19421····36
1832·21··73
1753·····455
1647·····51
15  431······ 
14  53·1···33 
13  56····113 
12  66····11412 
112223·1···52 
1033421····944
0963314·····233
0854212·····156
0778510·····235
0672215·····236
05··4101···1213
046435·····452
032·261····4·1
02··283····21·
01211      1··
Juncos in my yard [KEY: “·” = none seen; blank = I didn’t count birds that month]